铝电解烟气对车间空气及人体健康的影响初探

文章初步探讨了在电解铝生产过程中,电解车间空气污染物的空间分布规律,以及对车间工人身体健康的影响。监测发现,电解车间空气中粉尘和氟化物浓度均随着离地面高度的增加而增大,且电解烟气除尘系统集气效率越低浓度越高。对职工的体检结果显示,氟化物对职工尤其是电解车间工人的健康有一定的影响,且在氟环境中暴露时间越长,影响越大,具有累计效应。     

Production,engine performance,combustion, emission characteristics and economic feasibility of biodiesel from waste cooking oil: A review

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves and increasing demands for diesel are considered to be important triggers for many of the initiatives that have been taken to search for possible sources for the production of biodiesel from materials available within the country. It is possible to produce biodiesel from waste/used cooking oils (WCO) that is comparable in quality to that of fresh vegetable oil. Not only does reuse of WCO, which can otherwise harm human health, reduce the burden on the government of treating oily wastewater, disposing of the waste, and maintaining public sewers, it also significantly lowers the production cost of biodiesel. In the process of frying, oil undergoes many reactions, leading to the formation of a number of undesirable compounds, such as polymers, free fatty acids, and many other chemicals. This poses challenges in the transesterification of WCO. This article covers different techniques in the production of biodiesel from WCO. It also compares combustion, emissions, and engine performance characteristics of biodiesel from WCO as well as factors affecting biodiesel production from WCO and its economic feasibility.     

Optimization of biodiesel production from the waste cooking oil using response surface methodology

In this research, transesterification of the waste cooking oil has been studied. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design was used to investigate the effects of the main operating parameters, including the methanol to oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and reaction temperature, on the biodiesel yield. The results revealed that the catalyst concentration is the most important parameter. The maximum biodiesel yield under the optimized conditions was 99.38 wt.%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used for the determination of biodiesel conversion and the results were compared with that of gas chromatography (GC) analysis, showing a very small difference. Furthermore, an empirical quadratic equation has been presented to show the relation between biodiesel conversion and product viscosity.     

攀钢炼钢厂除尘技术改造思路及效果

就攀枝花新钢钒提钒炼钢厂转炉作业区转炉一次除尘系统、转炉二次除尘系统及脱硫扒渣烟气除尘系统在几年的运行中分别存在的问题进行了分析,主要包括由于炼钢工艺变化引起的除尘系统能力不足,原设计参数不太合理及原系统中设备配置不足等,对于以上问题提出了相应的改进思路并实施了相应的除尘改造,改造以后取得了较好预期效果。     

转炉烟气湿法除尘技术发展及改进

阐述了转炉烟气湿法除尘技术的发展过程,对第四代转炉烟气湿法除尘技术实践过程中所遇到的问题进行了分析。主要问题包括气雾喷枪所用净环水导致浊环水处理系统溢出,喷淋塔溢流段尺寸过大,RSW喉口驱动方式的不足等,并对以上问题提出了改进的方法和思路。     

洗涤法净化油烟污染物

模拟油烟废气由泥浆和活性污泥2种洗涤液分别进行洗涤试验研究.结果表明,洗涤液中泥浆和活性污泥的质量浓度愈高,其初始洗涤效率越高.在ρ(泥浆)和ρ(活性污泥)为1.2 g/L,烟气流量为2.8 m3>/sup>/h,油加热温度为160 ℃,洗涤液量为20 L条件下,运行15 d,泥浆的平均去除率为67.4%,油烟粒子粒径由0.2～75 μm变为0.2～42 μm,其液相油烟饱和浓度达95.77 mg/L;而活性污泥平均去除率为83.9%,油烟粒子粒径由0.2～75 μm变为0.2～5.5 μm,其液相油烟饱和浓度为50.00 mg/L.从活性污泥洗涤液中筛选出4株优势菌种,它们对油烟的降解效率大于60%,表明活性污泥洗涤液的洗涤效率明显高于泥浆,是由于活性污泥中微生物对油烟污染物具有显著降解作用.      

天车通过式集烟罩在45t转炉烟尘治理中的应用

在此提出了天车通过式捕集工艺方法。并在45t转炉的烟气治理上得到成功应用,为解决45t以下中小转炉的问题开辟了新的途径。     

12500kVA硅铁电炉除尘及投资效益

介绍了 12 5 0 0kVA硅铁电炉除尘工艺、主要设备组成及除尘系统优势 ,并对硅微粉的回收进行了投资分析。     

四川省餐饮源挥发性有机物组分特征和清单

选取四川省12家典型餐饮单位开展了NMHCs浓度和VOCs组分监测,结合已有数据,综合建立了含117种VOCs组分的餐饮源组分谱,获得本地化NMHCs排放因子,基于自下而上的研究方法,建立了四川省餐饮源挥发性有机物排放清单.结果表明,含氧和烷烃两类组分为川菜、烧烤和食堂餐饮的最主要的组分,二者合计质量分数在75%以上,主要VOCs物种为乙醇、甲醛、乙烷、己醛、乙烯、 1,3-丁二烯和丙烯醛等;含氧组分对OFP的贡献最大,其次是烯烃,主要OFP贡献物种为甲醛、乙烯、乙醇、 1,3-丁二烯、丙烯醛和己醛等. 2019年四川省餐饮源VOCs排放量和OFP值分别为32 kt和141 kt,分别占四川省人为源VOCs排放量和OFP值的5%左右,餐饮源对臭氧生成可能有重要贡献,应加大餐饮源挥发性有机物管控力度.     

铝电解自焙槽烟气聚凝静电新干法治理研究

铝电解自焙槽烟气净化过程中采用聚凝技术对烟气进行预处理 ,选用高压静电除尘器 ,摒弃集中净化 ,采用小单元集约化方式。自焙槽烟气中烟尘净化率 99 83% ;总氟净化率 94 39% ;沥青烟净化率 5 9 87%。